PRUmy Child senarai 15 Penyakit Kongenital siri 1/3

Senarai penyakit Kongenital yang disebut di dalam Plan PRUmy Child ialah:

1. Infantile Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus also known as "water on the brain", is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, or cavities, of the brain. This may cause increased intracranial pressure inside the skull and progressive enlargement of the head, convulsion, tunnel vision, and mental disability. Hydrocephalus can also cause death. Although it does occur in older adults, it is more common in infants.

2. Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder that affects muscle tone, movement, and motor skills (the ability to move in a coordinated and purposeful way). CP is usually caused by brain damage that occurs before or during a child's birth, or during the first 3 to 5 years of a child's life. The brain damage that leads to cerebral palsy can also lead to other health issues, including vision, hearing, and speech problems, and learning disabilities. There is no cure for CP, but treatment, therapy, special equipment, and, in some cases, surgery can help a child who is living with the condition.
http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/brain/cerebral_palsy.html

3. Spina Bifida
Spina bifida  is a developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube. Some vertebrae overlying the spinal cord are not fully formed and remain unfused and open. If the opening is large enough, this allows a portion of the spinal cord to protrude through the opening in the bones.
There may or may not be a fluid-filled sac surrounding the spinal cord. Other neural tube defects include anencephaly, a condition in which the portion of the neural tube that will become the cerebrum does not close, and encephalocele, which results when other parts of the brain remain unfused.

Spina bifida malformations fall into three categories: spina bifida occulta, spina bifida cystica with meningocele, and spina bifida cystica with myelomeningocele. The most common location of the malformations is the lumbar and sacral areas. Myelomeningocele is the most significant and common form, and this leads to disability in most affected individuals. The terms spina bifida and myelomeningocele are usually used interchangeably.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spina_bifida

4. Congenital Cataract
The term congenital cataract refers to a lens opacity present at birth. Congenital cataracts cover a broad spectrum of severity: whereas some lens opacities do not progress and are visually insignificant, others can produce profound visual impairment. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_cataract.

5. Congenital Deafness
Congenital deafness refers to hearing loss which is believed to have been present since birth.[1] This is distinct from progressive impairment which is a problem noticed at birth but which worsens with time. Late-onset impairment is when the hearing loss manifests itself postnatally but with no identifiable exogenous cause. http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/congenital-deafness.