PRUmy Child senarai 15 Penyakit Kongenital siri 2/3

6. Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate
Cleft lip (cheiloschisis) and cleft palate (palatoschisis), which can also occur together as cleft lip and palate, are variations of a type of clefting congenital deformity caused by abnormal facial development during gestation. A cleft is a fissure or opening—a gap. It is the non-fusion of the body's natural structures that form before birth. Approximately 1 in 700 children born have a cleft lip or a cleft palate or both. In decades past, the condition was sometimes referred to as harelip, based on the similarity to the cleft in the lip of a hare, but that term is now generally considered to be offensive. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleft_lip_and_palate

7.Ventricular Septal Defect

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a defect in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the left and right ventricles of the heart.The ventricular septum consists of an inferior muscular and superior membranous portion and is extensively innervated with conducting cardiomyocytes.The membranous portion, which is close to the atrioventricular node, is most commonly affected in adults and older children in the United States.It is also the type that will most commonly require surgical intervention, comprising over 80% of cases.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_septal_defect

8. Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect which is classically understood to involve four anatomical abnormalities of the heart (although only three of them are always present). It is the most common cyanotic heart defect, and the most common cause of blue baby syndrome.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot

9. Atrial Septal Defect

An atrial septal defect (ASD) — sometimes referred to as a hole in the heart — is a type of congenital heart defect in which there is an abnormal opening in the dividing wall between the upper filling chambers of the heart (the atria).In most cases ASDs are diagnosed and treated successfully with few or no complications. http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/heart/asd.html

10. Transposition of the Great Vessels

Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the great vessels: superior and/or inferior venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. Congenital heart diseases involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub-group called transposition of the great arteries. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition_of_the_great_vessels